It has also been extended to work with non-X devices: Full IPv6 support is provided. More features are described here. Normally a virtual X session Xvfb is created for each user, but it also works with X sessions on physical hardware.

See the tsvnc terminal services mode of the SSVNC viewer for one way to take advantage of this mode. I wrote x11vnc back in because x0rfbserver was basically impossible to build on Solaris and had poor performance. I also created enhancements to improve the interactive response, added many features, and etc. Do check the FAQ and this page first; I realize the pages are massive, but you can often use your browser's find-in-page search action using a keyword to find the answer to your problem or question.

Please help test the performance speedup feature using viewer-side pixel caching "ncache". Added features for the TightVNC Unix viewer: NewFBSize, ZRLE encoding, Viewer-side Scaling, cursor alphablending, low color modes, and enhanced popup menu; UltraVNC extensions support for: Please help test out some recently added features: If you created any permanent SSL certificates e.

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The certificate files should be deleted and recreated on a non-Debian system or an updated one. The same applies to SSH keys not used by x11vnc directly, but many people use SSH tunnels for VNC access. The huge FAQ has finally been moved to its own page. If you are trying to follow someone's link to an FAQ once on this page it is now a broken link. Try inserting the string " faq. VNC Virtual Network Computing is a very useful network graphics protocol applications running on one computer but displaying their windows on another in the spirit of X, however, unlike X, the viewing-end is very simple and maintains no state.

It is a remote framebuffer RFB protocol. For Unix, the traditional VNC implementation includes a "virtual" X11 server Xvnc usually launched via the vncserver command that is not associated with a physical display, but provides a "fake" one X11 clients xtermfirefoxetc.

A remote user then connects to Xvnc via the VNC client vncviewer from anywhere on the network to view and interact with the whole virtual X11 desktop. The VNC protocol is in most cases better suited for remote connections with low bandwidth and high latency than is the X11 protocol because it involves far fewer "roundtrips" an exception is the cached pixmap data on the viewing-end provided by X.

Also, with no state maintained the viewing-end can crash, be rebooted, or relocated and the applications and desktop continue running. Not so with X Desktop conferencing with other users e. Motif, GNOME, and similar applications that would yield very poor performance over a high latency link.

Howeversometimes one wants to connect to a real X11 display i. Maybe you want to close down an application cleanly rather than using killor want to work a bit in an already running application, or would like to help a distant colleague solve a problem with their desktop, or would just like to work out on the deck for a while.

This is where x11vnc is useful. In this basic example let's assume the remote machine with the X display you wish to view is " far-away. Download x11vnc see below and have it available to run on far-away. Similarly, have a VNC viewer e. We recommend TightVNC Viewers see also our SSVNC viewer. By some means log in to far-away.

You can use sshor even rlogintelnetor any other method to do this. We do this because the x11vnc process needs to be run on the same machine the X server process is running on otherwise things would be extremely slow. This step attaches x11vnc to the far-away. If x11vnc does not have the authority to connect to the display it exits immediately.

More on how to fix this below.

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If you suspect an X11 permissions problem do this simple test: You should be able to run x11vnc successfully in that terminal without any need for command line options.

If that works OK then you know X11 permissions are the only thing preventing it from working when you try to start x11vnc via a remote shell. Then fix this with the tips below. End of Common Gotcha. When x11vnc starts up there will then be much chatter printed out use " -q " to quiet ituntil it finally says something like: At the place where you are sitting sitting-here.

There are VNC viewers for Unix, Windows, MacOS, Java-enabled web browsers, and even for PDA's like the Palm Pilot and Cell Phones!

You can use any of them to connect to x11vnc see the above VNC links under "Background: For Solaris, vncviewer is available in the Companion CD package SFWvnc. In this example we'll use the Unix vncviewer program on sitting-here by typing the following command in a second terminal window:.

When finished, exit the viewer: Nowadays there will likely be a host-level firewall on the x11vnc side that is blocking remote access to the VNC port e. You will either have to open up that port or a range of ports in your firewall administration tool, or try the SSH tunnelling method below even still the firewall must allow in the SSH port, Of course if you left x11vnc running on far-away.

Be sure to use a VNC Password or other measures if you do that. Here is a potentially very easy way to get all of it working. Download and unpack a SSVNC bundle 1. Start the SSVNC Terminal Services mode GUI: That will do an SSH to username hostname and start up x11vnc and then connect a VNC Viewer through the SSH encrypted tunnel. There are a number of things assumed here, first that you are able to SSH into the remote host; i.

On Unix and MacOS X it is assumed that the ssh client command is available on the local machine on Windows a plink binary is included in the SSVNC bundle. Finally, it is assumed that you are already logged into an X session on the remote machine, e.

Xvfbwill be started for you. End of Super Shortcut. The above more or less assumed nobody was sitting at the workstation display " far-away. This is often the case: Another usage pattern has the user sitting at " far-away. Perhaps the user gives a demo or presentation this way using the telephone for vocal communication. A "Remote Help Desk" mode would be similar: For these cases it should be obvious how it is done. The above steps will work, but more easily the user sitting at far-away.

For this usage mode the " -connect host1,host2 " option may be of use to automatically connect to the vncviewers in " -listen " mode on the list of hosts. The above example had no security or privacy at all. When logging into remote machines certainly when going over the internet it is best to use sshor use a VPN for a VPN, Virtual Private Network, the above example should be pretty safe. For x11vnc one can tunnel the VNC protocol through an encrypted ssh channel.

It would look something like running the following commands: And then in another terminal window on sitting-here run the command: The -encodings option is very important: Note that " x11vnc -localhost This is very natural for ssh tunnelling the redirection appears to come from the same machine.

Use of a VNC password is also strongly recommended. Note also the -t we used above force allocate pseudoterminalit actually seems to improve interactive typing response via VNC! You may want to add the -C option to ssh to enable compression. The VNC compression is not perfect, and so this may help a bit. However, over a fast LAN you probably don't want to enable SSH compression because it can slow things down.

Try both and see which is faster. If your username is different on the remote machine use something like: Some VNC viewers will do the ssh tunnelling for you automatically, the TightVNC Unix vncviewer does this when the " -via far-away. See the 3rd script example below for more info. You may also want to look at the Enhanced TightVNC Viewer ssvnc bundles because they contain scripts and GUIs to automatically set up SSH tunnels e.

The Terminal Services mode of SSVNC is perhaps the easiest way to use x11vnc. Normally this will start a virtual Terminal Services X session RAM-onlybut if you already have a real X session up on the physical hardware it will find that one for you. If the machine you SSH into is not the same machine with the X display you wish to view e.

Once logged in, you'll need to do a second login sshrshetc. The " -connect gateway: For an automatic way to use a gateway and have all the network traffic encrypted including inside the firewall see Chaining SSH's. A lot of people have inexpensive devices for home or office that act as a Firewall and Router to the machines inside on a private LAN. This way tsum trading house open joint-stock company reach these computers from anywhere on the Internet and use x11vnc to view X sessions running on them.

Then the ssh's would look something like: It is a good idea to add some obscurity to accessing your system via SSH by using some high random port e. If you can't remember it, or are otherwise not worried about port scanners detecting the presence of your SSH server and there is just one internal PC involved you could map And under the "Remote SSH Command" setting you can enter the x11vnc -localhost -display: So you will need to see what is needed to configure it to allow in the port e.

Yast, Firestarter, iptables 1etc. VNC Ports and Firewalls: This could be used for normal, unencrypted connections and also for SSL encrypted ones. The VNC displays to enter in the VNC viewer would be, say, " far-away. We assume above that x11vnc is using port and any Host-Level-firewalls on jills-pc earn money selling lingerie been configured to let that port in.

Use the " -rfbport " option to tell which port x11vnc should listen on. For a home system one likely does not have a hostname and would have to use the IP address, say, " For you would tell the viewer to use: The IP address would need to be communicated to the person running the VNC Viewer.

Scripts to automate ssh tunneling: As discussed below, there may be some problems with port being available. If that happens, the above port and display numbers may change a bit e. However, msu stock options you "know" port will be free on the local and remote machines, you can easily automate the above two steps by using the x11vnc option -bg forks into background after connection to the display is set up or using the -f option of ssh.

Some example scripts are shown below. Feel free to try the ssh -C to enable its compression and see if that speeds things up noticeably. A simple example script, assuming no problems with port being taken on the local or remote sides, looks like: Another method is to start the VNC viewer in listen mode " vncviewer -listen " and have x11vnc initiate a reverse connection using the -connect option: A third way is specific to the TightVNC vncviewer special option -via for gateways.

Of course if you already have the x11vnc running waiting for connections or have it started out of inetd 8you can simply use the TightVNC " vncviewer -via gateway host: Also note in the 1. The vncpasswd or storepasswd programs, or the x11vnc -storepasswd option can be used to create the password file. It is up to YOU to tell x11vnc to use password protection -rfbauth or -passwdfileit will NOT do it for you automatically or force you to use -usepw if you want to be forced to.

The same goes for encrypting the channel between the viewer 5 minute global trade binary options x11vnc: A SSL-enabled Java applet VNC Viewer is also provided in the x11vnc package and https can be used to download it. Although not as ubiquitous as sshSSL tunnelling still provides a useful alternative.

See this FAQ on -ssl and -stunnel modes for details and examples. The Enhanced TightVNC Viewer SSVNC bundles contain some convenient utilities to automatically set up an SSL tunnel from the viewer-side i. And many other enhancements too. I use libvncserver for all of the VNC aspects; I couldn't have done without it.

The full source code may be found and downloaded either file-release tarball or GIT tree from the above link. As of Septhe x11vnc The x11vnc package is the subset of the libvncserver package needed to build the x11vnc program.

Also, you can get a copy of my latest, bleeding edge x11vnc See the FAQ below for information about where you might obtain a precompiled x11vnc binary from 3rd parties and some ones I create.

To obtain VNC viewers for the viewing side Windows, Mac OS, or Unix try these links: The above example would be: Also included is an experimental script rx11vnc. Have a look at them to see what they do and customize as needed: Linux distributions foolishly don't install them by default. See this build FAQ for more details. If your OS has libjpeg. You can now run it via typing " x11vnc ", " x11vnc -help more ", " x11vnc -forever -shared -display: Currently gcc is recommended to build libvncserver.

In some cases it will build with non-gcc compilers, but the resulting binary sometimes fails to run properly. For Solaris pre-built gcc binaries are at http: Some Solaris pre-built x11vnc binaries are here. However, one user reports it does work fine when built with Sun Studio 10, so YMMV. In fact, here is a little build script to do this on Solaris See the build scripts below for more ideas.

Scripts similar to the above have been shown to work with vendor C compilers on HP-UX ccom: HP and Tru64 Compaq C V6. Building on Solaris, FreeBSD, etc: If configure cannot find these forks for binary options libraries then TightVNC and ZRLE encoding support will be disabled, and you don't want that!!!

The TightVNC encoding gives very good compression and performance, it even makes a noticeable difference over a kel tec su 16 stock LAN. So on Solaris 9 you can pick up everything with something like this: These are getting pretty long, see those assignments split up in the build script below.

If your system does not have these libraries at all you can get the source for the libraries to build them: Here is a build script that indicates one way to pass the library locations information to the libvncserver configuration via the CPPFLAGS and LDFLAGS environment variables.

If your situation is different change the locations in the two lines below. Other important build utilities are there too: Starting with moneymaker racing strut rods 0. If you need to link OpenSSL libssl. If you need to build on Solaris 2. Building on FreeBSD, OpenBSD, Also starting with the 0.

For jpeg and zlib you will need to do the same fx rates philippines of thing as described above for Solaris. You set CPPFLAGS and LDFLAGS to find them see below for an example. Also, HP-UX does not seem to support -Rso get rid of the -R items in LDFLAGS. It is a good idea to have static archives, e. Here is what we recently did to build x11vnc 0.

As a workaround for x11vnc 0. Nvidia cuda stock market HP-UX's C compiler on If you need to do this, contact me and I will give you a drastic recipe that will produce a working binary. For a recent build on AIX 5. Building on Mac OS X: There is now native Mac OS X support for x11vnc by using the raw framebuffer feature.

This mode does not use or need X11 at all. To build you may need to disable X Be sure to include the. Starting with version 0. For this to be enabled the libssl. So you may need to have additional CPPFLAGS and LDFLAGS items if your libssl. As of x11vnc 0. On Solaris using static archives libssl. I don't have any formal beta-testers for the releases of x11vncso I'd appreciate any additional testing very much.

Thanks to those who suggested features and helped beta test x11vnc 0. There are also some Linux, Solaris, Mac OS X, and other OS test binaries here. Please kick the tires and report bugs, performance regressions, undesired behavior, etc.

It should be pretty convenient for automatic SSL and SSH connections. It is described in detail at and can be downloaded from the Enhanced TightVNC Viewer SSVNC page. The SSVNC Unix viewer also supports x11vnc's symmetric key encryption ciphers see the 'UltraVNC DSM Encryption Plugin' settings panel.

Here are some features that will appear in the 0. Apple removed 777 binary options brokers in australia review screen capture in Mac OS X Lion.

We plan to find a workaround in this x11vnc release. If it works for you on macosx Lion, please let me know I don't have access to a macosx lion machine.

This can speed up connections, especially when starting many viewer connections at once e. There is a bug in the Xorg server introduced in for multiscreen displays that make it so x11vnc cannot send pointer motion events properly via XTestFakeMotionEvent to a screen that does not have the current focus.

Some additional checks are taken in -inetd mode to see if the connection is over IPV6. A bug has been fixed for this channel for many simultaneous viewers. Here are some features that appeared in the 0. Improved support for non-X11 touchscreen devices e. Additional tuning parameters are added.

TSLIB touchscreen calibration is supported. Tested on Qtmoko Neo Freerunner. The Linux uinput non-X11 input injection can now be bypassed: The list of new uinput parameters for the above two features is: The MacOSX native server can now use OpenGL for the screen capture glReadPixels.

In nearly all cases this is faster than the raw framebuffer capture method.

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Sadly, it appears that MacOSX Cursor shape now works for 64bit binaries. The -unixsock and -unixsockonly options enable listening on a unix socket instead of TCP. This can enable interesting tunnelling modes. The included SSL enabled Java VNC Viewers now handle Mouse Wheel events. The performance of the -create script has been improved for large installations 's of user sessions on one machine.

In -unixpw mode, one can now Tab from login: In -rawfb mode, a bug is fixed in setting the number of bits per pixel. The macosx deprecated interface GetMainDevice call is removed. Fix race condition in tkx11vnc gui where the comm file may be deleted before tail opens it. Clear some query cases. Fix bug with pointer position when -clip and -scale are both specified. Fix bug with mouse cursor shape in -reflect mode on bit machines. Do not use CopyRect in -reflect mode with -clip active.

Fix bug that send CopyRect updates to non-CopyRect clients such as VNC2Go. Also correct copyrect events for clients that support copyrect but ask for partial screen updates. Unix sockets can also be filtered via -allow. One can now specify the maximum number of displays that can be created in -create mode via the env. The kdm display manager is now detected when trying not to get killed by the display manager. A compile time bug is fixed so that configuring using --with-system-libvncserver pointing to LibVNCServer 0.

A bug from forced use of Xdefs. The source tree is synchronized with the most recent libvncclient this only affects -reflect mode. Build is fixed for incompatibilities when using an external LibVNCServer e. Please help test these build and runtime aspects and report back what you find, thanks.

The SSL enabled Java VNC Viewer Makefile has been modified so that the jar files that are built are compatible back to Java 1. In -reflect mode cursor position updates are now handled correctly. The included SSL enabled Java applet viewer now supports Chained SSL Certificates. The x11vnc -ssl mode has always supported chained SSL certificates simply put the intermediate certificates, in order, after the server certificate in the pem file. A demo CGI script desktop.

The script requires x11vnc version 0. One can use the desktop. There is also an optional 'port redirection' mode that allows redirection to other SSL enabled VNC servers running inside the firewall. Built-in support for IPv6 bit internet addresses is now provided. See the -6 and -connect options for details. Additionally, in case there are still problems with built-in IPv6 support, a transitional tool is provided in inet6to4 that allows x11vnc or any other IPv4 application to receive connections over IPv6.

The Xdummy wrapper script for Xorg's dummy driver is updated and no longer requires being run as root. New service options are provided to select Xdummy over Xvfb as the virtual X server to be created.

Many other improvements and fixes. The TightVNC security type TightVNC features enabler now works for RFB version 3. New remote control query options: The -sslScripts option prints out the SSL certificate management scripts. Both a client and a server: It is sometimes confusing to people that x11vnc is both a client and a server at the same time.

It is an X client because it connects to the running X server to do the screen polls. Think of it as a rather efficient "screenshot" program running continuously.

It is a server in the sense that it is a VNC server that VNC viewers on the network can connect to and view the screen framebuffer it manages.

When trying to debug problems, remember to think of both roles. Both links may have reachability, permission, and other issues. Whether you are using Xvnc or x11vnc it is always a good idea to have a solid background color instead of a pretty background image. Each and every re-exposure of the background must be resent over the network: This is one place where the X protocol has an advantage over the VNC protocol.

I suggest using xsetrootdtstyle or similar utility to set a solid background while using x11vnc. You can turn the pretty background image back on when you are using the display directly. One needs a tightvnc-aware vncviewer to take advantage of this encoding.

Had port been taken by some other application, x11vnc would have next tried That would mean the viewer command above should be changed to vncviewer far-away. You can force the port with the " -rfbport NNNN " option where NNNN is the desired port number. If that port is already taken, x11vnc will exit immediately. The " -N " option will try to match the VNC display number to the X display. Useful options are, e. How does x11vnc do it? When changes are discovered, it instructs libvncserver which rectangular regions of the framebuffer have changed, and libvncserver compresses the changes and sends them off to any connected VNC viewers.

A number of applications do similar things, such as x0rfbserver, krfb, x0vncserver, vino. This is a surprisingly effective algorithm for finding changed regions. For keyboard and mouse user input the XTEST extension is used to pass the input events to the X server.

To detect XBell "beeps" the XKEYBOARD extension is used. If available, the XFIXES extension is used to retrieve the current mouse cursor shape. Also, if available the X DAMAGE extension is used to receive hints from the X server where modified regions on the screen are. This greatly reduces the system load when not much is changing on the screen and also improves how quickly the screen is updated.

What if x11vnc is started up, and vncviewer is then started up on the same machine and displayed on the same display x11vnc is polling? One might "accidentally" do this when first testing out the programs. There will be an even more interesting effect if -scale is used. Also, if the XKEYBOARD is supported and the XBell "beeps" once, you get an infinite loop of beeps going off.

Although all of this is mildly exciting it is not much use: You can run x11vnc on your connected or disconnected SunRay session. Here are some notes on SunRay usage with x11vnc. Experiment with interacting a bit differently than you normally do to minimize the effects e.

Recent work has provided the -scrollcopyrect and -wireframe speedups using the CopyRect VNC encoding and other things, but they only speed up some activities, not all. A rate limiting factor for x11vnc performance is that graphics hardware is optimized for writing, not reading x11vnc reads the video framebuffer for the screen image data.

The difference can be a factor of 10 toand so it usually takes about 0. So whenever activity changes most of the screen e. A slow framebuffer read rate will often be the performance bottleneck on a fast LAN whereas on slower links the reduced network bandwidth becomes the bottleneck.

A quick way to get a 2X speedup of this for x11vnc is to switch your X server from depth 24 32bpp to depth 16 16bpp. You get a 4X speedup going to 8bpp, but the lack of color cells is usually unacceptable.

To get a sense of the read and write speeds of your video card, you can run benchmarks like: Note that this disables 2D acceleration at the physical display and so that might be unacceptable if one plays games, etc. Nevertheless this could be handy in some circumstances, e. Unfortunately it does not seem shadowfb can be turned on and off dynamically Another amusing thing one can do is use Xvfb as the X server, e.

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You may need to use the " -cc 4 " option to force Xvfb to use a TrueColor visual instead of DirectColor. See also the description of the -create option that does all of this automatically for you be sure to install the Xvfb package, e. See this FAQ for details. Somewhat surprisingly, the X11 mouse cursor shape is write-only and cannot be queried from the X server.

So traditionally in x11vnc the cursor shape stays fixed at an arrow. A similar thing is done on IRIX as well when -overlay is supplied. Audio from applications is of course not redirected separate redirectors do exist, e.

The XBell "beeps" will work if the X server supports the XKEYBOARD extension. Note that on Solaris XKEYBOARD is disabled by default. The scroll detection algorithm for the -scrollcopyrect option can give choppy or bunched up transient output and occasionally painting errors. However most of these have been fixed over the years.

Please feel free to contact me: Also, some people ask if they can make a donation, see this link for that.